These word assemblies ignite early on in parallel and only later on reverberate in a behaviour-specific manner. The data provide evidence for ultra-rapid parallel dynamics of language processing and are interpreted within a neural assembly framework where words recruit the same integrated cell assemblies across production and perception. Results revealed that both word components manifested simultaneously as early as 75 ms after stimulus onset in production and perception differences between the language modalities only became apparent after 300 ms of processing. In an overt object naming task and a passive listening task we analysed with mixed linear models at the single-trial level the event-related brain potentials elicited by the same lexico-semantic and phonological word knowledge in the two language modalities. In this study we approached this issue from a novel perspective by directly comparing the time course of word component activation in speech production versus perception. An unresolved debate between different brain language models is whether words, the building blocks of language, are activated in a sequential or parallel manner. The temporal dynamics by which linguistic information becomes available is one of the key properties to understand how language is organised in the brain. Concretely, we address the following three topics: (1) Are the data supporting the model or the model supporting the data? We conclude that, despite the evidence supporting the notion of some local sequentiality underpinning speech preparation in the brain, there is insufficient explicit spatiotemporal evidence to support the notion that such local sequenciality by itself is enough to explain how the brain computes language (2) What is the role of top-down processing on the spatiotemporal dynamics? We argue that if top-down processes such as goal-directed behaviour and attention can proactively modulate the linguistic system, the spatiotemporal correlates of word production components should likewise be regarded as context-depend and speaker-adaptive (3) Can we map psycholinguistic stages onto the brain in a one-to-one fashion? We advocate to start considering, above and beyond the feedforward anatomical connectedness that underpin traditional sequential hierarchical models, other types of neural communication such as neural coherence, feedback projections and reverberatory brain activity in order to mechanistically explain how basic brain properties sustain language production.
#Wordweb pro cne serial
In this opinion piece, we raise three critical issues aimed at questioning the strict feedforward and serial conceptualisation of the spatiotemporal dynamics engendering word production.
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![wordweb pro cne wordweb pro cne](https://financialintelligence.ro/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/CNE_VG_1905_1-1024x611.jpg)
Language production would initiate with lexico-semantic processes reflected in posterior brain regions and slowly move “upwards” through the representational formats until an articulatory programme is activated in anterior brain regions.
![wordweb pro cne wordweb pro cne](https://managementpro.ro/wp-content/themes/Newspaper-child/images/robot.png)
According to the dominant neurocognitive model of word production, this is achieved in a sequential fashion where each of the linguistic components involved in speaking has its specific time-course and dedicated processing centre in the brain.
![wordweb pro cne wordweb pro cne](https://i0.wp.com/rapercapital.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Twitter-cover-black.png)
A central question in the cognitive neuroscience of language production concerns the cortical activation time-course by which different word production components become available to the speaker.